Rory Lambe

PhD Researcher in Wearable Technology at University College Dublin

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I am a third year PhD student in Wearable Technology at University College Dublin (UCD), Ireland. I am working with the supervision of Dr. Cailbhe Doherty at the Insight Centre for Data Analytics. My undergraduate degree is in Physiotherapy.

I'm interested in how wearable technology, home-based objective testing and machine learning can enhance disease monitoring and early intervention.

My research has validated the accuracy of measurements such as heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV) and VO2 max, from consumer wearable devices, including Apple Watch and Google Pixel Watch.

I am interested in improving preventative and self-directed care for cardiovascular disease. My PhD research involves building a digital biomarker that combines wearable data with point-of-care testing to assess cardiovascular health. I have a clinical and practical focus. I use Python libraries like Pandas and scikit-learn as part of my work.

I also enjoy writing. For the Nature Career Column, I wrote an article about five strategies that help me manage stress and enjoy my PhD journey.

In Spring 2025, I presented my research at the UCD College of Health and Agricultural Sciences (CHAS) Research Symposium. CHAS brings together students from all of UCD's health professions – from medicine and veterinary to sports science and physiotherapy – and the Symposium showcases research from all its graduate students. I was delighted to recieve second place for 'Excellence in Oral Presentation'. I also gave a Platform Presentation at World Physiotherapy Congress in Tokyo, Japan.

Together with Ben O'Grady, I was winner of NovaUCD's Student Enterprise Compeition. Our start-up, Clia, which uses wearable technology to improve heart health, was also named one of the Bank of Ireland ThinkBusiness '100 Hottest Irish Start-Ups to Watch in 2025'.

In 2025, I was one of 15 Irish PhD students selected to participate in Conception X, and was subsequently part of a smaller group selected for the Startup X track. Conception X is a nine-month programme that helps PhD students from across Europe turn their research into deep tech start-ups.

Outside research, I have spent an academic year teaching Irish in an all-Irish speaking secondary school (Gaelscoil) in Dublin. During this time, I created this website, with notes and resources for my classes. I continue to tutor secondary school student in Irish, French, and Spanish. It's something I greatly enjoy.

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Selected Publications

The accuracy of Apple Watch measurements: a living systematic review and meta-analysis

Rory Lambe, Maximus Baldwin, Ben O'Grady, Moritz Schumann, Brian Caulfield, Cailbhe Doherty.

npj Digital Medicine (2026).

The Validity of Apple Watch Series 9 and Ultra 2 for Serial Measurements of Heart Rate Variability and Resting Heart Rate

Ben O'Grady, Rory Lambe, Maximus Baldwin, Tara Acheson, Cailbhe Doherty.

Sensors. 2024 Sep 26;24(19):6220.

An Evaluation of the Effect of App-Based Exercise Prescription Using Reinforcement Learning on Satisfaction and Exercise Intensity: Randomized Crossover Trial

Cailbhe Doherty, Rory Lambe, Ben O’Grady, Diarmuid O’Reilly-Morgan, Barry Smyth, Aonghus Lawlor, Neil Hurley, Elias Tragos.

JMIR mHealth and uHealth. 2024 Nov 26;12:e49443.

Readiness, recovery, and strain: an evaluation of composite health scores in consumer wearables

Cailbhe Doherty, Maximus Baldwin, Rory Lambe, Marco Altini.

Translational Exercise Biomedicine. 2025 Apr 10(0).

Investigating the accuracy of Apple Watch VO2 max measurements: A validation study

Rory Lambe, Ben O'Grady, Maximus Baldwin, Cailbhe Doherty.

Plos One, 20(5), e0323741.

Privacy in consumer wearable technologies: a living systematic analysis of data policies across leading manufacturers

Cailbhe Doherty, Maximus Baldwin, Rory Lambe, Marco Altini, Brian Caulfield.

npj Digital Medicine 8 (1), 1-11.

Stressed out by PhD life? Five strategies to take back the joy

Rory Lambe.

Nature Career Column. 2025 Jun 11.